Spring.



FATENTVBDVDEG. 3, 1907.

E. M. SIMMQNDS.

SPRING. APPLICATION IIL`ED`I'EB. 28, 1906L UNTED STATES PATEIT OFFICE.

FERNANDIZE M.. SIMMONDS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TORAYA/[OND B.

- DONALDSON, OF OHIOAGO, ILLINOIS.

SPRING.

specication of Letters Parella Patented Dec. 3, 1907'.

Application led February 28. 1906. Serial No. 303.395-

To all wlw/n it may concern:

Be it known that I, FERNANDIZE M. SIM- MoNns, e citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook andState of Illinois, lhave invented certain new and useful Improvements inSprings; and l do hereby declare that the fol-` lowing is a full, clear,and eXact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in springs and more particularlyto a single leaf spring of that class known as vehicle springs thoughobviously it is adaptable for many other purposes.

Heretofore difficulty has been found in producing a satisfactory singleleaf spring owing to the fact that it was thought that the leaf mustnecessarily be made very light to afford the desired degree ofresiliency. Such springs usually soon lose their resiliency and becomeunsatisfactory and useless'.

The object of this invention is to provide a cheap, simple and durableconstruction in which a leaf spring consisting of one or more leavesorsections maybe made of any desircd strength or degree of resiliencywithout interfering with the lasting power of it.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described and morefully pointed out and defined in the appended claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a device embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged side elevation of one. end 0f thespring showing the leaves broken away. Iig. 3 is a top plan thereof.Fig. 4 is a vertical central sectlon of the same, and, Fig. 5 isafragmentary sectional view illustrating a modified form ofconstruction.

As shown in said drawings: Referring first to Figs. l to 4 inclusive Aand A represent respectively the upper and lower leaves or members of anelliptical spring for a vehicle or the like. Each of said leaves ormembers comprises a resilient bar provided at its ends with yoke armsindicated respectively by az and in which are provided transversejournal bearings comprising as shown U shaped lugs afl-a3 each openinginwardly of the spring or towards the opposite leaf and apertured toreeeivecotter pms or the like et.

A downwardly opening casing or ,housing B is pivoted as shown at cachend of the leaf or member A by means of laterally directed studs bformed integrally with said housing and arranged on opposite sidesthereof which engage in the bearing lugs a? and are held therein bymeans of the Cotter pins a4. Said housings are permitted a given amountof swing in said bearings which is limited however by means of theupwardly and downwardly extending lugs (l5-ari on the leaf adjacent thecrotch of each yoke and which as shown are rounded on their facesadjacent said housings to permit the housings to swing within certainlimits. Each of said casings or housings B as shown is provided in thetop thereof with a screw threaded aperture in which is engaged anexternally threaded nut b2 which is held in place by a lock nut b'dhaving threaded engagement thereon. Said nut b2 as shown is cored on itsunder sideto provide a seat and is provided therethrough with a ycentralthreaded aperture, and having threaded engagement 1n said aperture. is ashaft or bolt O which extends axially of said housing B and protrudesfrom the lower e'nd thereof. l

Supported on each end of the leaf or member A is a housing B which` asshown is of a diameter to fit within the housing B and to telescopetherewith and which, as shown, is provided with integral studs b adaptedto engage in the bearings c3 in the yoke arms al. Eacli of said housingsB. as shown is cored tosprovide an axial sleeve fr" extending upwardlyfrom the bottom and adapted to receive the shaft or bolt (l and in theannular recess about the same is seated the coil spring l), thc upperend of which engages in the seat in the nut b2. Said shaft (l as shownprojec .s below the housing B and is provided on its lower end with anut c and a set nut c b'etween which andthe bottom of the housing B is acoiledspring C forming a resilient stopfor the outward throw of saidhousings.

In the construction shown in Fig. 5 the vhousings B2 and B3 are formedintegrally with the leaves A2 and A3 and are telescopingly engaged toreceive the coiled springs l) as before described. The upper housing B2is provided in its top with a screw threaded aperture in which engagesan externally threaded nut lf as before described which affords a seatfor the upper end of said spring D. The lower housing B is provided onits upper end Awith a roumled or sphcrically shaped portion t which fitswithin the houssleeve and hearing against the upper casing movement ofone housing with 'broken they may be removed by ythe casing.

" reduced 'to a minimum.

ing B2 and permits of considerable angular respect to the revcntmg saidhousings from other thereby v when oad is added to the leaves A2 bindingand A3.

The operation is as follows: Referring first to the construction shownin Figs. 1 to 4 inelusive it is obvious that owing to the pivotalvconnection between the housings B and B with the leal` springs A and Athat the housings will readily adjust themselves to each other when loadis added to said leaf springs. The coiled springs D, which are strongenough to withstand the load transmitted to ther. from the leaf springs,act normally to hold the housings extended, while the bolts or shafts Chold the housings assembled.

Should the springs D become weak or simply re moving the bolt C therebypermitting the housings to be taken apart or if preferred a su portmaybe placed Jbei'ieath the leaf A to ho it from dropping and the nut 62removed thereby adording access through the top of ln the constructionshown in Fig. 5, in which the housings are shown integral with theleaves, the Vrounded point of contact or bearing between the housingspermits them to move freely when the leaves are depressed.

Obviously a sing 1e leaf spring constructed in accordance with myinvention affords a. maximum amount of resiliency and the cost of whichowing to its simple construction is lt is also obvious that, inasmuch asthe spring can be quickly assembled and any part removed and replaced orrepaired, should it becon1c,`neces sary repairs can be much more quicklyand easily effected than with'leat springs as heretofore constructedwith aplurality of leaves.

l claim as my invention:

l. In a device of the class described the combination with a downwardlyopcningupper casing, lugs integral therewith, a leaf spring engaged atone end to said lues, an upwardly opening casing telescoping the uppercasing, lugs integral therewith, a leal spring engaged to said lugs, asleeve integral with an extending upwardly from tue lower casing, aspring ,in said casing around said and a bolt extending through saidupper1 cas-v ing and sleeve.

ln a device of the class described the combination -with un upper andlower hous.n ing, lugs on cach, leaffsprings one engaged at its end toeach housing, a sleeve extending upwardly i rom the bottom of the lowerhousing, a bolt extendinggythrough the upper housing and sleeve Jandprojecting beyond the lower'housing, a springinclosvd by said housingsandina spring on said bolt pusl'iing upwari. agairst the lowerhousiug.

'3. ln a device of the class described thc combination with telescopinghousings of a leaf spring pivotally engaged to cach housing, a sleeveconcentric with one oi said housings ail'ording a space between thesame, a spring in said housing around the sleeve, a rod eX tending belowthe housing, a stop thereon and a spring engaged on said rod adapted tol:torce the lower housing upwardly.

4. lThe combination'with oppositely disposed leaf springs ofinteriitting, telescoping parts pivoted on the ends thereof, resilientmeans concealed therein and acting to torce the leaves of the springo'ppositely and means on each cnd of the upperrleai spring adapted tolimit the swinging movement of the tolescoping parts i 5. Thecombination with the oppositcly disposed leaves of a leaf spring ofdown` wardly opening casings or housings on the ends of one of saidsprings and upwardly opening casin s on the ends oi the other adapted tote escope within the upper casings, a spiral spring concealed in thehousing thus formed and bearing at its ends against the top and bottomof the housing and a lu on cach end of the upper leaf s prin adapted tolimit the swinging movement of t e casing.

6. In a device oi the class described the combination with telescopingcasings or housings, of .projectionsintegral with each casing near oneend thereof on diametrically opposite sides, oppositely disposed spring,leaves engaged at their ends-on said projections, a spring inclosed bysaid casings adapted to force the same to their outward limit ofmovement, a shaft extending axially through said casings and projectingbeyond one of the same and a spiral `spring on said shaft outside thecasing bearing against the sume 7. ln a device ofthe class described thecombination with tclescoping housings or' casings of outwardlyprojecting studs integral therewith on opposite sides ot said casings, aleaf spring having each end forked to pivotallyengagc said studs, and aspring in* closed by sind casings and holding the same at their outerlimit of movement.

i 8. The combination with oppositely disposed leaf springs oftclescoping housings pivoted .on cach ond thereof, coiled springsmovement oi said housings with respect to each other.

10. ln'a device iol the class described the combination with oppositelydisposed leaves,

of tlclcscoping members pivotally engaged on thc ends of said leaves,coiled springs coulll!) lie oeeled in said teleseoping n1emhers,e boltone of said housings and extending axially K rigidly engaged in oneteleseoping ineinber thereof and through the'other and a springr andextending through the other and a on the outer end of said shaft actingto force spring on the outer end of said bolt acting to holdsaid-lnexnbers-together.

l1. In e device of the class described the combination with oppositelydisposed leef springs of upper and lower teleseoping hous-A ings pivotedon the ends thereof, e coiled l0 spring inthehousings on each end ofseid leevesl asheft rigidly engaged in the end of seid housingstogether.

Intestimony Whereorl I have hereunto suhseribed my neme in the presenceof two subserihing Witnesses.

, FERNANDIZE M. SIMMGNDS.

v Witnessesz, y i

F. M. SIMMONDS, Jr.,

R. B. DONALDSON.

